Determinants of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Incidence at Laantula Jaya Health Center, Morowali District

Abstrak

In 2019, there were 543,874 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) reported in Indonesia. Palu City recorded the highest number with 740 cases. However, other regions such as Banggai Laut and North Morowali also showed relatively high figures, with 119 and 203 cases, respectively. In Morowali Regency, pulmonary TB cases were also high, particularly in the working area of Laantula Jaya Health Center, where approximately 479 cases were reported in 2024. This study employed a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 83 respondents selected randomly. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with Chi-square test as the statistical reference. The results of univariate and bivariate analyses indicated a significant association between smoking habits (p = 0.000) and history of contact with TB patients (p = 0.000) and the incidence of pulmonary TB. Meanwhile, alcohol consumption (p = 0.192) showed no significant association with pulmonary TB incidence at Laantula Jaya Health Center, Morowali Regency. Therefore, intensive and sustainable health education programs on TB prevention are required, particularly concerning cough etiquette and smoking cessation. In addition, strengthening screening and contact tracing, as well as intensifying active surveillance, is crucial in TB control efforts.