CULTURAL VALUES IN ENGLISH TEXTBOOKS AND THEIR ROLE IN SHAPING CROSS-CULTURAL UNDERSTANDING

Abstract

This study aims to identify the cultural values represented in English textbooks and examine how these values are presented within the framework of cross-cultural communication. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, the study analyzed three English textbooks commonly used in Indonesian high schools and universities. The focus included textual content, visuals, dialogues, and thematic elements reflecting values such as individualism, gender equality, freedom of expression, and diversity. Findings revealed a dominant representation of Western cultural values, particularly individualism and self-expression, often presented implicitly without critical reflection or local comparison. The study highlights the need for more culturally balanced instructional materials that support learners' intercultural competence in today’s digitally connected world. It offers recommendations for curriculum designers, educators, and policymakers to incorporate diverse cultural perspectives and promote critical cultural literacy in English language education.